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How does a limited liability structure work? 

Limited liability is a legal structure established by the Companies Act companies use to protect shareholders from personal responsibility for a company’s debts and obligations. The company is solely responsible for fulfilling its financial commitments in limited liability business structures.

If the company cannot meet its debts, shareholders only risk losing their investment in the business while their personal assets remain safeguarded. This separation of personal and business liability offers vital protection for entrepreneurs, encouraging them to invest and grow their ventures with reduced financial risk.

What are the disadvantages of limited liability?

While limited liability offers many benefits, it also comes with some disadvantages compared to a sole trader business:

• Increased compliance requirements: To prevent abuse of limited liability protection, businesses must meet obligations like filing confirmation statements and annual accounts, ensuring accountability.
• Minimal privacy: Company financials and filing histories are publicly accessible, promoting transparency as a trade-off for limited liability.
• Extensive formation requirements: Registering a limited company involves meeting several criteria, such as providing a registered office address and a director's service address, verifying identity, and submitting a memorandum and articles of association.

These factors add complexity and responsibility for limited liability businesses.

What does unlimited liability mean?

Unlimited liability means there is no legal separation between the business and its owner. This means that if the business becomes insolvent or is sued, the owner is personally responsible for all the debts and obligations. If the venture cannot meet any of its obligations, creditors can pursue the owner's personal assets to recover what is owed. This structure poses a significant financial risk to the business owner.

What is a private company limited by shares (LTD)?

An LTD is a standard business structure in the UK in which shareholders enjoy limited liability, restricted to the amount they invest in the company, in case of insolvency. Due to its flexibility and protection, this structure is popular among small businesses and startups. 

Key features include:

• Limited liability protection shields shareholders' personal assets from business debts.
• Separate legal entity ensures the company operates independently of the business owner or owners.
• Shareholders can also serve as directors, allowing individuals to retain full control of the business.
• Nominal share capital makes it accessible for small businesses to set up with minimal financial outlay.

An LTD provides a balance of financial liability protection and operational flexibility, making it a preferred choice for entrepreneurs aiming to safeguard their personal assets while growing their businesses.

Find out more: What is the difference between ltd and limited in a company name?

What is a public limited company (PLC)?

A public limited company (PLC) is similar to a private limited company, with its shares being publicly traded on the London Stock Exchange, allowing the company to raise capital from the public. Key characteristics include:

• Limited liability protection means shareholders are only liable for their investments.
• Separate legal entity, providing the company with legal independence from its shareholders.
• It requires a minimum of two shareholders, one director, and a company secretary, ensuring a balance of oversight and management.
• Must have a minimum share capital of £50,000, of which at least 25% must be paid before trading begins.

A PLC provides opportunities for growth and increased public confidence but requires strict regulatory compliance and transparency.

What is a limited liability partnership (LLP)?

A limited liability partnership (LLP) is a legal structure where at least two individuals form a partnership. The LLP provides limited liability protection, meaning partners are not personally responsible for business debts beyond their contributions. 

However, it is a pass-through entity for tax purposes, so partners pay taxes individually, even though the LLP itself must file returns. This structure offers flexibility, as partners can manage the business directly without the need for directors or shareholders. 

LLPs have similar formation requirements to private limited companies, including a registered office address and registered email address. For smooth operations, it is strongly recommended that a partnership agreement be established to outline roles, responsibilities, and profit-sharing arrangements.

What is a company limited by guarantee (CLG)?

A company limited by guarantee (CLG) is a structure designed for non-profit ventures, such as clubs, charities, and community organisations. The owners, called guarantors, limit their liability for the company’s debts to a nominal guaranteed amount, usually £1 or another minimal sum.

Unlike companies with shareholders, CLGs do not distribute profits; all income is reinvested into achieving their objectives. Any surplus assets must be transferred to a similar non-profit organisation upon dissolution and cannot be distributed to the guarantors. 

Key features include:

• Limited liability protection ensures guarantors are not personally liable beyond their guaranteed amount.
• Separate legal entity, giving the organisation a distinct legal identity.
• Guarantors instead of shareholders, reflecting its non-profit focus.
• Requires at least one director to oversee its management.
• Nominal share capital reflects its focus on non-commercial purposes.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of limited liability companies?

Limited liability companies come with many benefits but also a few challenges. Here’s what you need to consider:

Advantages

• Personal assets are protected as liability is limited to the value of shares.
• A registered company adds professionalism and credibility.
• Access to tax reliefs and allowances otherwise not available to sole traders.
• Operates as a separate legal entity, allowing it to own property and enter contracts.
• It is easier to attract investors or raise capital by issuing shares.

Disadvantages

• Registration with Companies House involves additional costs.
• Stricter compliance requirements with transparency and regulation obligations.
• Administrative tasks include maintaining a registered office and filing tax returns and annual accounts.
• Extracting profits is more complex, with strict rules separating business and personal finances.
• Engaging professional accountants is often necessary, increasing operational costs.

This structure is ideal for businesses needing liability protection and credibility but requires careful management of its responsibilities.

What are the forms of limited liability business structures?

There are five common types of limited liability business structures:

• Company Limited by Shares: Owned by shareholders, with liability limited to the value of their shares.
• Public Limited Company (PLC): A company that can trade shares publicly on the stock market, with liability limited to shareholder investments.
• Company Limited by Guarantee: Typically used by non-profit organisations, personal liability is limited to a pre-agreed amount each member guarantees.
• Limited Liability Partnership (LLP): A partnership where members have limited liability and share profits based on their agreement.
• Limited Partnership (LP): A structure with at least one general partner with unlimited liability and one or more limited partners with liability restricted to their investment.

Each structure offers unique advantages and is suited to different business needs.

Limited liability protection explained.

Limited liability protection is a legal concept in company registration that separates the business from its founders in the eyes of the law. This means the founders are not personally responsible for the company’s legal or financial obligations beyond their invested amount. In other words, their personal assets are protected from business liabilities.

To establish this legal separation and secure limited liability protection, a business must:

• Formal registration with a unique name and address
• A defined ownership structure with shareholders or members, with liability limited to their investments 
• Articles of association and a partnership agreement 
• Separate financial accounts 
• Compliance with obligations specified in their respective laws on issues of filing and tax

This ensures the business operates as a separate legal entity, safeguarding the personal assets of its founders.

What is the main characteristic of an LLP according to the Limited Liability Partnership Act of 2000? 

The defining characteristic of a Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) is the liability protection it offers to its members. Members are shielded from personal responsibility for the partnership's debts and obligations, with their liability typically limited to their investment in the LLP. However, all members may still be liable for the wrongful acts of another partner if those acts were performed within the scope of the partnership.

See also: What does limited liability mean?

What are the benefits of an LLP? 

An LLP offers unique features that set it apart from other business structures. It provides flexibility, protection, and confidentiality for its members. 

Below is an overview of its most notable benefits: 

1. Separate legal entity — A key characteristic of an llp and an offshoot of the limited liability principle is that an LLP is a separate legal entity from its owners. This means the LLP has its legal identity and can enter into agreements, own property, and conduct business in its name. This separation protects the personal assets of its members, as the LLP itself is responsible for its obligations and liabilities.
2. Appointment of a designated partner - During the formation of an LLP, the partners must appoint at least one designated partner responsible for critical administrative and compliance tasks, such as:some text
   • Preparing and filing confirmation statements and annual accounts.
   • Reporting changes, such as a change of address, to Companies House.
   • Appointing an accountant or auditor as required.
   • Overseeing the statutory compliance of the partnership and its members.
3. Tax principle - An LLP operates as a pass-through entity for taxation purposes. This means that the LLP itself does not pay tax on its profits. Instead, the profits are "passed through" to the individual members, who are taxed on their share of the profits. Each member must file a self-assessment tax return to report their income.
   In addition to the members' tax obligations, the LLP must file an annual partnership tax return through the self-assessment system to declare the overall profits and distribute them among the members.
4. ‍Profit distribution - The partnership deed governs how members distribute profits in an LLP. Unlike in a limited company (Ltd), where profits must typically be distributed according to shareholding percentages, an LLP allows for greater flexibility. Profit distribution can combine fixed shares and discretionary amounts, enabling members to agree on arrangements that best suit the partnership's needs and contributions.
5. ‍Confidentiality — An LLP allows professionals to maintain confidentiality regarding partnership arrangements and profit distribution. Unlike an LTD, whose articles of association are publicly accessible on the Companies House register, the terms of an LLP's partnership deed remain private.

See also: What is the difference between ltd and limited in a company name?

What are the disadvantages of an LLP?

While an LLP offers many benefits, it has certain drawbacks, particularly regarding reporting, disclosure, and taxation.

1. Complex reporting requirements - Due to its limited liability status, an LLP has reporting obligations similar to those of a limited company. These include:
   • Maintaining a registered office address.
   • Keeping a statutory register, including details of persons with significant control (PSCs).
   • Filing annual confirmation statements.
   • Reporting changes to Companies House, such as member details or address updates.
     These administrative responsibilities can be time-consuming and require additional resources to manage effectively.
2. Disclosure requirements - An LLP must disclose specific information publicly, which can disadvantage those prioritising privacy. This includes:
   • Names, month and year of birth, and service addresses of members.
   • Details of persons with significant control (PSCs).
     This lack of complete confidentiality can deter professionals who wish to keep their business arrangements private.
3. Taxation of profits - Profits in an LLP are taxed in the year they are earned, irrespective of whether they are distributed to members or retained within the business. Additionally, LLP members are subject to National Insurance Contributions (NICs) on their income.
   This taxation structure makes LLPs less tax-efficient than limited companies, where profits are taxed only when extracted (e.g., through salaries or dividends). This difference can result in a higher overall tax burden for some businesses for LLP members.

Read more: Register Your Company and Get a Certificate of Incorporation

What is the role of an LLP partner? 

The role of an LLP partner is typically defined in a partnership agreement and encompasses responsibilities that often mirror those of a company director, particularly in statutory compliance. Partners are collectively responsible for the business's effective management and strategic direction. 

Their primary responsibilities include:

• Overseeing the business's daily operations to ensure smooth functioning and alignment with its objectives.
• Setting the overall direction of the business by defining goals, formulating procedures, and driving long-term growth strategies.
• Ensuring compliance with all legal and regulatory requirements, such as timely filings, accurate record-keeping, and adherence to self-assessment tax deadlines.
• Acting in the best interests of the business, its clients, and other partners, maintaining trust and fostering collaboration.
• Overseeing financial matters, including the distribution of profits and losses, while ensuring the business's financial stability.

An LLP partner’s role requires a balance of operational management, strategic leadership, and a commitment to the partnership’s legal and financial obligations.

What are the tax advantages of an LLP? 

LLPs offer several tax advantages compared to limited companies, making them an attractive business structure for many professionals and entrepreneurs. Key benefits include:

• An LLP is a pass-through entity, meaning the tax obligations are passed directly to the partners. Partners are taxed on their share of the profits at personal income tax rates, avoiding the double taxation faced by limited companies, where the company pays corporation tax and directors pay dividend tax.
• Income tax brackets can often be lower than corporation tax rates, providing additional tax efficiency for many LLP members.
• LLPs allow profits to be distributed flexibly, reflecting each partner's contributions, skills, and other merits. This flexibility is unlike limited companies, where profit distribution is typically tied to shareholding percentages.
• LLP partners are not subject to benefits-in-kind taxes, often applicable to directors of limited companies for perks like company cars or private health insurance.

These tax advantages make LLPs an appealing option for businesses seeking flexibility in profit distribution and more streamlined tax obligations.

Do LLP partners pay tax?

Yes, LLP partners must pay tax and National Insurance Contributions (NICs) through the self-assessment system. Partners are taxed on their share of the LLP’s profits, and they must ensure they meet the self-assessment deadlines set by HMRC for notifying liability and settling their tax bills.

What are the advantages of forming an LLP over a traditional partnership, limited partnership or private limited company?

An LLP offers a unique structure that differentiates it from traditional partnerships, limited partnerships, and private limited companies. These differences provide advantages, including greater flexibility, liability protection, and tax benefits.

See also: Company Limited by Guarantee

What are the differences between LLPs and limited companies?

While LLPs and limited companies (LTDs) offer limited liability protection, they differ significantly in structure, reporting obligations, taxation, and profit distribution. The table below highlights the key differences.

Bank Holidays 2025

FAQs

How can remote workers and international e-commerce store owners prepare for UK bank holidays and special days?

Remote workers and international e-commerce store owners can prepare for UK bank holidays by following these strategies:

• Plan — Mark holidays on your calendar and create a schedule for your business operations. Communicate any changes in service availability or shipping times to customers in advance.
• Stock inventory —Ensure you have sufficient inventory before special days and holidays to meet customer demand during peak periods. Anticipate potential delays in product deliveries and plan accordingly.
• Schedule marketing campaigns – Develop themed marketing campaigns and promotions tailored to each holiday. Be sure to schedule these campaigns to launch in advance, generating excitement and driving sales leading up to the holiday.
• Optimise customer support — Prepare your team for increased holiday inquiries and requests. Consider extending support hours or providing automated responses to manage customer expectations.
• Monitor logistics – Work closely with shipping and logistics partners to monitor delivery schedules and potential disruptions during bank holidays. Communicate with customers about any delays in shipping times.
• Review payment processing—Ensure your payment processing systems function smoothly and can handle increased transaction volumes during busy holidays. Offer multiple payment options to accommodate customer preferences.

What are the most important UK bank holidays for remote workers and international e-commerce store owners?

The most important bank holidays for remote workers and international entrepreneurs with businesses in the UK are as follows — 

• New Year's Day (1 January) is a nationwide bank holiday that impacts business operations such as logistics and bank transactions. On the marketing side, businesses can boost sales by running New Year promotions, offering special discounts, and launching marketing campaigns to attract customers during this festive period.
• Good Friday and Easter Monday (April) —  These bank holidays in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland can affect customer availability. However, businesses can capitalise on the Easter season by offering Easter-themed products or services, hosting promotional events, and engaging customers through social media contests or giveaways.
• Early May bank holiday (first Monday in May), Spring bank holiday (last Monday in May) and Summer bank holiday (last Monday in August)  — UK-wide bank holidays that may disrupt business operations. Businesses can boost sales by launching spring-themed promotions and seasonal discounts, introducing new products or services, holding end-of-summer sales events, and offering incentives such as free shipping or discounts for purchases made during the holiday period.
• Christmas Day and Boxing Day (25-26 December) — Major bank holidays in the UK that significantly impact business activities and customer availability. Businesses can enhance customer engagement and boost sales during the holiday season by offering holiday gift guides, running Christmas-themed promotions, and providing incentives such as gift-wrapping services or loyalty rewards for holiday purchases.

Will King Charles’s coronation day be a permanent bank holiday?

King Charles's coronation occurred on Saturday, May 6th, 2023, and Monday, May 8th, 2023, was an official bank holiday for public celebrations. However, this specific holiday is not set to be a permanent annual event.

In UK employment law, are public holidays included in annual leave?

The treatment of public holidays depends on your employment contract. While employees are entitled to 5.6 weeks of statutory annual leave, employers can include public holidays as part of this entitlement. Reviewing your contract for specific details regarding how public holidays are handled is essential.

What happens if a public holiday falls on a weekend?

In the UK, when a public (bank) holiday falls on a weekend, the following Monday is usually designated as a substitute bank holiday. This ensures that workers still get a day off instead of the holiday, maintaining the benefit of the time off despite the weekend overlap.

Am I entitled to paid leave on bank holidays?

Employees have no statutory right to receive paid leave specifically for bank holidays. Whether bank holidays are included as part of your paid leave allowance is up to your employer and should be outlined in your employment contract. If you are required to work on a bank holiday, your employer may offer a substitute day off ("day in lieu") or enhanced pay, which is also at their discretion and should be specified in your contract. Always refer to your contract for clarity on how holidays are handled in your workplace.

What happens if I don't use my holiday allowance by the end of the year?

Unused holiday entitlement typically depends on the terms of your employment contract. Some employers may allow you to carry over unused days into the following year, while others may have a "use it or lose it" policy, meaning any unused leave is forfeited. It's essential to check your contract for specific rules, but using your holiday allowance within the year is generally advisable to avoid losing it.

What are the early May bank holidays?

In May, all nations in the UK observe two bank holidays, which offer people a chance to take time off work, participate in local festivities, and enjoy leisure activities with family and friends. 

How many bank holidays for 2025?

Every year, the UK has eight bank holidays, England and Wales, Scotland has nine, and Northern Ireland has ten.

Why do some uk companies use 'ltd' or 'limited' in their names?

In the UK, private limited companies are legally required by section 59 of the Companies Act 2006 to end their names with "Limited" or "Ltd" to indicate limited liability status. This suffix signals that the company is its own legal entity, with shareholders protected from personal liability if the business faces financial issues. Welsh companies may use the equivalents "cyfyngedig" or "cyf."

Without one of these suffixes, Companies House will not register the company unless it meets specific exemption criteria.

According to Section 59 of the Companies Act 2006, private limited companies in the UK must end their names with either "Limited" or "Ltd" to indicate their limited liability status. Welsh companies can also use "cyfyngedig" or "cyf." However, if a company name does not contain the appropriate suffix, Companies House will refuse its registration unless it qualifies for an exemption.

Also related: Limited Liability Definition Business

Are there companies exempted from using Limited in a company name?

Certain companies— particularly those limited by guarantee —can be exempt from adding "Ltd" or "Limited" to their names. 

To qualify, these companies must operate with specific objectives in their articles of association, such as promoting commerce, education, charity, or other community-benefitting pursuits. Additionally, they must meet several conditions:

1. Income allocation: All profits must be directed toward the company’s stated objectives.
2. Prohibition of payments to members: No dividends or returns of capital can be paid to members.
3. Asset transfer upon dissolution: In the event of winding up, assets must be transferred to an organisation with similar objectives or one that promotes charitable causes.

Other entities may use different suffixes. For example:

• Public Limited Companies use "PLC."
• Limited Liability Partnerships use "LLP."
• Sole traders with trading names do not use a suffix.

These distinctions allow companies to represent their structure and purpose accurately.

What is the difference between LTD and Limited?

The difference between "Ltd" and "Limited" is purely stylistic—“Ltd” is simply an abbreviation of “Limited.” Private limited companies commonly use either of the terms to show limited liability status. The choice depends on the company’s preference and doesn’t affect the company’s legal standing or obligations.

Once you choose your preferred suffix, it will appear at the end of your business name in your certificate of incorporation and on the Companies House register.

How do I determine whether to use Limited or ltd at the end of your company name?

You can use "Limited" or "Ltd", depending on which fits your brand’s style best. Legally, there’s no difference, and both indicate limited liability status. While "Limited" may feel more formal, many formal brands opt for "Ltd" as well—so it comes down to your personal preference!

Are 'ltd' and 'limited' interchangeable?

While “Ltd” and “Limited” can generally be used interchangeably without issue, using the version you registered with Companies House on all official documents and legal correspondence is essential. Consistency with your registered name is required in the following instances:

• Physical signs (e.g., in shops or commercial offices)
• Your registered office address or any operating business location (excluding your home if used privately)
• Stationery, including official documentation and websites
• Promotional materials

Following this practice helps maintain compliance and ensures clarity in all official interactions.

What is a UTR number?

A UTR (Unique Taxpayer Reference) number, also known as a tax reference, is a 10-digit number issued by HMRC to individuals and limited companies in the UK. It is primarily used for registering and managing self assessment tax return for individuals. This number is essential for sole traders, freelancers, and anyone with untaxed income to file their personal tax returns and pay income tax accurately.

Who needs a UTR number?

A UTR number is essential for anyone who needs to register for Self Assessment with HMRC. You will need a UTR number if you have any untaxed income, including the following:

• Partners in general partnerships, limited partnerships, or limited liability partnerships (LLPs). 
• Freelancers and self-employed individuals with annual earnings exceeding £1,000. 
• Persons receiving rental income above £2,500 from land or property based in the UK. 
• Contractors and subcontractors under the Construction Industry Scheme.
• Individuals earning capital gains above the allowance of £3,000. 
• Employees claiming annual expenses above £2,500 per year. 
• Shareholders receiving annual dividends above £10,000. 
• Any individual with a taxable income of over £150,000. 
• People who receive foreign income of any amount.
• Company directors with untaxed income. 

If you receive income not taxed at the source or fall into any of these categories, you will need a UTR number to file your tax returns and comply with HMRC requirements.

See also: Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) Advantages and Disadvantages

How do I register for a unique taxpayer reference number?

To register for a personal UTR number, follow these steps:

• Visit the official HMRC website: https://www.gov.uk/register-for-self-assessment.
• If you are self-employed, you need to register for both Self Assessment and Class 2 National Insurance Contributions.
• Use your Government Gateway User ID and password to access the registration portal.
• You will need to supply the following personal and business information:some text
  • Personal Details (such as your name, date of birth, national insurance number, contact information and home address)
  • Business Details (including your trading name, business address, business start date and the nature of your business.)
• HMRC provides a helpful video guide that walks you through the registration process. Use it for additional clarity.
• Once registered, HMRC will send your UTR number by post within 1-2 weeks. You will also receive an activation code, which must be used to activate your account within 28 days of receipt.

Following these steps ensures your successful registration for a UTR number and compliance with HMRC requirements.

How do I get a business tax number?

When you register a company in the UK, your business tax number, known as the Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR), is automatically assigned by HMRC and is used as part of the corporation tax process. As part of the registration process with Companies House, you will receive a certificate of incorporation, which confirms your company has been officially registered. Shortly after this, HMRC will send your company UTR number to the registered office address you provided during registration.

This 10-digit UTR number is crucial for managing your business’s tax obligations, including filing tax returns and correspondence with HMRC. If you don’t receive your UTR number within a few weeks of incorporation, you should contact HMRC to ensure everything is in order.

I've lost my UTR number. Can I get a new one?

You cannot get a new number, as it is assigned to you for life and remains the same regardless of changes in your circumstances. However, if you have lost it, you can easily retrieve your self assessment unique taxpayer reference.

How do I find your utr number?

If you previously registered for Self Assessment through HMRC's online service, you would have received your UTR number by post within 10 days of registration. If you’ve misplaced it, you can retrieve it through the following methods:

1. HMRC App or Personal Tax Account: Log in to your personal tax account or the HMRC app, where your UTR number is displayed under your tax details.
2. Past Correspondence from HMRC: Check any letters or emails from HMRC, such as your self-assessment welcome letter, which includes your UTR number.
3. Contact HMRC Directly: If you cannot find your UTR number using the above methods, you can contact HMRC directly. Be prepared to provide personal details to verify your identity.

Remember, your UTR number is unique and permanent, so retrieving it ensures continuity in managing your tax obligations.

Do I need a unique tax reference to register for self assessment?

No, you do not need a UTR number to start the registration process for Self Assessment. When you register for Self Assessment through HMRC’s online service, you use your Government Gateway credentials to complete the process. After registering, HMRC will generate your UTR number and send it to your registered address by post.

Will I need to change my unique tax reference number if I change jobs?

No, your UTR number is permanent and does not change, even if your self-employment circumstances change. HMRC assigns it to you for life, and it remains the same whether you are employed, self employed, or switching between different types of work.

Your UTR number is tied to your tax records, not your employment status. It will remain valid for all tax-related activities, including self assessment filings or other tax obligations. Keep it safe, as it will remain essential to your interactions with HMRC.

Can I register for a UTR number if I am not self employed?

Yes, you can register for a personal UTR number even if you are not self-employed. A UTR is required for anyone who needs to file a self-assessment tax return. This includes individuals with untaxed income from sources such as:

• Rental property income.
• Employee expense claims exceeding £2,500 per year.
• High-income earners with over £150,000 annually in earnings.

Even if you are employed, certain circumstances may require you to register for self-assessment and obtain a UTR number to report your income and ensure compliance with HMRC regulations.

Do you need a UTR number to submit your return?   

Yes, you need a personal tax number to submit your returns. This 10-digit number is essential because it links your tax return to your tax records and income history with HMRC. Without it, HMRC cannot process your return or accurately record your tax information.

Can I access my UTR number if I don’t have my HMRC login details?

If you lose your HMRC login details, you can still access your UTR number. One of the simplest ways to find it is to check past correspondence from HMRC. Your UTR number is included on documents such as your self-assessment welcome letter, tax return notices, payment reminders, or statements of account, which should have been sent to the address registered with HMRC.

If you cannot locate any correspondence, you can recover your Government Gateway ID or password. To do this, visit the HMRC sign-in page and select the option to retrieve your login details. You’ll be guided through a process to verify your identity, which requires access to the email address associated with your Government Gateway account.

Once you’ve regained access to your account, you can log in to your personal tax account or the HMRC app, where your UTR number will be displayed. If you cannot recover your login details or encounter difficulties, you can also contact HMRC directly to retrieve your UTR number.

How do I contact HMRC to request a lost UTR number?

You can reach out to HMRC using the following methods:

1. Social Media (X, formerly Twitter):some text
   • Handle: @HMRCcustomers
   • Opening hours:some text
     • Monday to Friday: 8 am to 8 pm
     • Saturday: 8 am to 4 pm
2. Telephone:some text
   • Within the UK: 0300 200 3600
   • Outside the UK: +44 161 930 8445
   • Phone line opening hours:some text
     • Monday to Friday: 8 am to 6 pm
     • Closed on weekends and bank holidays.

When contacting HMRC, make sure to have any relevant details, such as your National Insurance number, to expedite the assistance process.

UK Personal UTR Number Explained.

What is a crn number?

A company registration number (CRN) is a unique identifier consisting of either eight digits or two letters followed by six digits. It is issued by Companies House to distinguish limited companies in the UK.

This number may also be called a company number, Companies House number, incorporation number, or business registration number.

See also: What does limited liability mean?

Who needs a company registration number?

A company number is essential for businesses registered with Companies House. If you operate a limited company or LLP, you will need a CRN for the following purposes:

• Filing and updating company records with Companies House: Your CRN is required for any activity involving the Companies House online filing system (WebFiling or a Companies House account), such as:
  • Submitting annual returns (Confirmation Statements).
  • Filing accounts and copies of resolutions.
  • Making amendments to company details, including:
    • Changing your company name.
    • Updating your registered office address or Single Alternative Inspection Location (SAIL) address.
    • Adjusting your Accounting Reference Date (ARD).
    • Modifying your company structure, such as adding, removing, or changing details of a director or company secretary.
    • Increasing share capital or issuing share certificates.
• Tax-Related Dealings with HMRC: You’ll need your CRN for tax administration, such as:
  • Registering for VAT.
  • Filing Company Tax Returns.
  • Paying Corporation Tax, VAT, or Income Tax.
  • Issuing dividend vouchers.
  • Processing National Insurance contributions via PAYE.
• Business operations and compliance: Your CRN is required for several official and business activities, including:
  • pening a business bank account.
  • Signing contracts on behalf of your company.
  • Applying for funding, grants, or tenders.

Having your registration number readily available ensures you can efficiently manage your company's statutory obligations and conduct official business operations.

Where do I find your company registration number?

You can find my company registration number in any of the following:

• Certificate of incorporation: The primary place to find your CRN is on the incorporation certificate issued by Companies House when your company was registered.
• Official correspondence: Look for the Companies House number on any Companies House or HMRC correspondence.
• Companies House online register: Visit the Companies House website and search for your company by name. The search results will display your CRN.
• Certificate of name change: If you recently changed your company name, the CRN will be listed on the Certificate of Incorporation for the Change of Name.
• Emails or Communications from Your Formation Agent or Accountant: Your CRN may also appear in emails, reports, or documents from your company formation agent or accountant, as they often reference it in their communications.

By checking these sources, you can quickly locate your CRN whenever needed.

If I change my UK company name, will I get a new crn?

No, your company registration number (CRN) will remain the same even if you change your business name. The CRN is a unique identifier assigned by Companies House that remains constant throughout the life of the company, regardless of any changes to its name, address, directors, shareholders, or business activities.

When you change your company name, Companies House will issue a Certificate of Incorporation on Change of Name. This document will include your new company name, the date of the change, and your unchanged CRN.

Do I need a CRN if I am a sole trader?

No, as a sole trader, you do not need a company number because sole trader businesses are not registered with Companies House. As such, you will not receive a certificate of incorporation or a CRN; neither is required for your business operations.

Instead, a Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) number issued by HMRC is essential for sole traders. This number is used to identify your business for tax purposes and is necessary for submitting your self-assessment tax returns.

See also: How to Find Your Personal HMRC UTR Number 

Where do I need to display my Company Registration Number?

Companies House automatically issues your CRN when you set up a limited company. You do not need to go through a separate process to obtain it.

Once your new limited company or Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) is successfully registered, the CRN will be included in your incorporation certificate. If you register online, you will receive a digital certificate containing the CRN. For those who set up their company via a paper application, the CRN will appear on the paper certificate sent to you by post.

See also: Advantages of LLPs

Where do I need to display my company registration number?

By law, you must display your limited company’s registration number (CRN) on all official company stationery, including:

• Letterheads
• Emails
• Invoices
• Receipts
• Website and Online Content
• Order Forms

What is the format of a company registration number for a partnership?

A CRN can take several forms depending on the jurisdiction of your company formation or the type of company you incorporate. See the table below for details.

Certificate of Incorporation Defined

A Certificate of Incorporation proves that your company has been officially registered at Companies House under the Companies Act and is recognised as a legal entity in the UK. It signifies that your business is now separate and distinct from its shareholders and directors, operating independently under the law.

Who needs a certificate of incorporation UK?

A certificate of Incorporation is essential for various entities and individuals registering a company in the UK. Here's a breakdown of who needs one:

• Entrepreneurs registering a limited company by shares — Whether establishing a public or private company, entrepreneurs seeking to set up a business structure where ownership is divided into shares require a registration certificate. 
• Individuals establishing charitable organisations — Individuals or groups intending to establish charitable organisations with limited liability protection in the UK that operate under a company limited by guarantee structure also require a certificate. 
• Partners Forming Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs) or Limited Partnerships (LPs)—Partners seeking to enjoy limited liability protection can opt to form LLPs or LPs. In both cases, obtaining a certificate of incorporation is necessary to formalise the registration process and establish the legal entity's existence.

The certificate is official proof of the company's legal incorporation and is essential for conducting business activities and fulfilling legal requirements.

See also: What does limited liability mean?

Which company details are found in a certificate of incorporation?

Once Companies House has approved your registration application, you will find the following details in an incorporation certificate.

1. The type of company such as a private or public company, LLP or another legal entity structure.
2. The registration number uniquely identifies the company and depends on the entity type. For example, a partnership will have a partnership number, while a private limited company will have a company registration number (CRN).
3. The certificate indicates the official date of incorporation or registration.
4. The full legal name under which the company is registered is provided in the certificate.
5. Registrar information may be from Companies House in England and Wales, Companies House Scotland, or Companies House Northern Ireland.
6. Depending on the jurisdiction, formation jurisdiction may be Cardiff, Edinburgh, or Belfast.
7. Relevant legislation or laws under which the company is formed provide the legal context for its establishment, e.g., the Companies Act (2006) or the Limited Liability Partnership Act (2000)

Company Name Requirements for a New Company in the UK

When registering a new company in the UK, the name displayed on your certificate of incorporation must adhere to specific criteria set by Companies House. To ensure approval, your company name must meet the following requirements:

1. Uniqueness — The proposed name must not closely resemble an existing company name, helping to avoid confusion among consumers and stakeholders.
2. Exclude official terms — Avoid incorporating terms like "Royal" or "Government" to imply an association with any local or national UK government agency, as these terms require official authorisation.
3. Avoid sensitive words — Exercise caution when using sensitive words like "Chartered" or "Accredited," ensuring proper authorisation is obtained before inclusion.
4. Appropriateness—The name should be appropriate and not offensive, inappropriate, or likely to cause harm, maintaining professionalism and respectability.
5. Compliance with legal standards — Ensure the name does not suggest criminal activities contrary to the public interest, adhering to legal standards and ethical principles.

How to Register Your Company With Companies House

Here is what you need to form your company directly with Companies House:

• Company name — Choose an appropriate name for your company. Ensure it's unique and complies with Companies House regulations.
• Officer details — Provide information about the company directors and persons with significant control (PSCs), including their names, addresses, and other relevant particulars.
• A registered office address — The official address for receiving statutory mail. 
• Memorandum and articles of association—Outline the subscribers' initial commitment to establish a company and rules for internal management, respectively.  ‍
• Correspondence address for the officers — For receiving statutory letters and legal notices relevant to their role.‍
• Share structure — Determine your company's share structure, including the number of shares and their respective values.‍
• Standard industrial classification (SIC) code — Identify the appropriate SIC code that best describes your company's primary activities.

Once you have these details ready, you can initiate the registration process. The cost for setting up a limited company directly with Companies House is £12, and the process typically takes around 12 hours to complete.

To begin your company formation journey, visit the following link:

https://www.gov.uk/limited-company-formation/register-your-company

Here's how you can take advantage of our free company formation offer:

• Obtain privacy addresses – Protect your company officials, including directors, persons with significant control, and shareholders. Maintain confidentiality and protect personal information.
• Invest in virtual office packages — Our comprehensive virtual office package is designed to provide a professional business address, mail handling services, and more.
• Choose resident or non-resident formation packages — Choose from our range of resident or non-resident formation packages, which include complimentary UK company setup addresses and secretarial services.

With Your Virtual Office London, you can streamline the company formation process and focus on driving your business forward. Experience hassle-free registrations and comprehensive support every step of the way.

Further insights on incorporating a company: Register & Thrive: UK Company Formation Made Simple

How to Get Another Certificate if You Lose One

Always keep your certificate of registration in a safe and easily accessible place so you can quickly produce it when needed. 

However, if you lose your original certificate of incorporation. You can get a copy of the certificate online since Companies House service provides free access to company details and filings through the following steps:

1. Visit the Find and Update company information service at https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/ 
2. Enter your company number or name in the search box.
3. Select your company from the list.
4. Click on "Filing history."
5. Scroll down and choose "View PDF" next to Incorporation (you may need to navigate to older pages).
6. Download a PDF copy of your certificate.

You can obtain a certified copy of your certificate of incorporation by calling Companies House on 0303 1234 500 and providing the company's CRN. The standard service costs £15.00, while the same-day service costs £50.00. Digital copies can also be requested via email.

How to Get a Certificate of Incorporation Via Companies House Directly

Companies House sends a company’s certificate of incorporation to the company in the following ways:

• By post — You’ll be sent a certificate of incorporation through the post to the company's registered office address as Companies House approves your application.
• Digital certificate —You can also download a digital copy of your certificate from the Companies House website by searching for a company and accessing its filing history.‍
• Ordering a certified copy—If a company has misplaced its original certificate, it can order a ‘printed certificate of incorporation’ from the Companies House by calling its contact centre. The standard service cost is £15, and the certified copy is delivered within 4 working days.

In summary, Companies House primarily delivers the certificate of incorporation by sending the original printed version to the company's registered office through the post. Companies can also obtain digital or certified copies of the certificate as needed.

How to Get a New Certificate if You Change Your Company Name

After your company is incorporated, tell Companies House when you want to change its name. You'll be issued a Certificate of Incorporation on Change of Name via email, reflecting the new company name while retaining all other details, such as the company registration number and incorporation date, identical to those on the original certificate.

What is the Government Gateway?

Government Gateway is a UK online platform designed to help residents register for HMRC e-services. With this platform, individuals can manage their personal tax accounts and file self assessment documents, while business owners can handle their business tax accounts efficiently. Additionally, agents can use the tax portal to access services for their clients. Launched in 2001, this system replaced old paper-based submissions with digital versions, making various tax-related activities more streamlined and convenient for everyone.

What HMRC online services are available through the Gateway system?

You can  access all HMRC services using your online service account, including — 

• Personal tax account services such as – some text
  • Filing for self assessment returns;
  • Seeing what you owe, paying your individual tax bill; and 
  • Childcare services, including making child benefit claims, free childcare update information or other related functions.
• Business tax accounts like - some text
  • Filing corporation tax;
  • Register for VAT, submit your returns, and make payments;
  • Amend your business related VAT details;
  • Enrol for Making Tax Digital (MTD) for VAT;
  • PAYE for employers;  and                                          
  • Manage Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) obligations.
• Pension-related services, including accessing pension schemes
• Services for Charities, including claiming gift aid. 

Other state departments also leverage the platform to facilitate access to their services. These include – 

• Accessing DAERA online services provided by the Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs
• Department for Work and Pensions (DWP), responsible for various benefits and pension services.
• For vehicle tax and driving license services provided by the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA) 

How do I get a Government Gateway user ID and password to sign in, and what information do I need to provide?

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To create your tax profile on a computer, follow these steps:

1. Open your web browser and go to the sign-in or set-up page: https://www.gov.uk/log-in-register-hmrc-online-services 
2. Click on the green "Sign In" button, which will lead you to: https://www.access.service.gov.uk/login/signin/creds 
3. Scroll to the bottom of the page and click on "Create sign in details."
4. Enter your email address, where a confirmation code will be sent.
5. Check your email for the confirmation code and enter it to confirm your email.
6. Once your email is confirmed, enter your full name.
7. Create a password.
8. Provide a recovery word in case you forget your password.
9. Your Government Gateway ID will be created.
10. Set up additional security by opting to receive an access code every time you log in.
11. Complete the identity verification process using one of the following documents: UK ID, P60, payslip, tax credit, or voice ID.
12. Enter your personal details, including your first and last name, National Insurance number, and date of birth.
13. Provide the required information from the selected authentication document. For example, if you choose a payslip, you must provide your national insurance, PAYE, and passport details.
14. Once your identity is confirmed, you can start using your account.

When will HMRC start replacing Government Gateway accounts with the One Login?

From May 2024, HMRC began rolling out GOV.UK One Login for the new individual taxpayer. The rollout of agents and companies will be communicated later. According to HMRC's latest reports, over 1.5 million people are already using the platform. 

As of 2 August 2024, the services that are operational and available to users include — 

• HM Armed Forces Veteran Card application 
• vehicle operator licence application
• register as a social worker in England
• apprenticeship assessment service
• apprenticeship provider and assessment register (APAR)
• check if a health condition affects your driving
• claim compensation if you were the victim of a violent crime
• connect families to support
• early years child development training
• find an apprenticeship in England
• find and apply for a grant
• find and use an API from the Department for Education
• find a UK market conformity assessment body
• GOV.UK email subscriptions
• manage apprenticeships
• manage family support services and accounts
• manage fishing permits an d catch returns in Wales
• modern slavery statement registry
• Ofqual subject matter specialist account
• renew your short-term medical driving licence
• request a basic DBS check
• sign your mortgage deed

How do I access my GOV.UK One Log in online account?

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To access your online tax portal, follow the steps below -

1. Go to the official sign in page - https://signin.account.gov.uk/sign-in-or-create 
2. Click ‘Create your GOV.UK One Log in’. 
3. To access an existing account, click on sign in below the green button. 
4. You will be required to provide your email address, where an email confirmation code will be sent. 
5. Check your email for the confirmation code and enter it to confirm your email.
6. Once your email is confirmed, enter your full name.
7. Create a password.
8. Provide a recovery word in case you forget your password.
9. Your GOV.UK One Login ID will be created.

Over time, One Login will replace all other ways to sign in to services on GOV.UK, including Government Gateway.

How do you verify your identity for One Login?

As the name suggests, the UK government will provide all government digital services through one login system. The user will only be taken through identity verification once, and thereafter access multiple services without needing additional verification.  

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To verify your identity for One Login using the GOV.UK ID Check app, follow these steps:

1. Start on the Government Service:
   Begin on the government service you are trying to access. You’ll be guided to the app when necessary.
2. Avail an appropriate photo ID:
   You can use a UK photocard driving licence, UK passport, non-UK passport with a biometric chip, UK biometric residence permit (BRP), UK biometric residence card (BRC), or UK Frontier Worker permit (FWP).
3. Download the App:
   ‍
   • For iPhone users, ensure your device runs iOS 14 or higher. An iPhone 6s or newer is needed for a UK driving licence, and an iPhone 7 or newer for other photo IDs.
   • For Android users, ensure your device runs Android 10 or higher. 
   • Search for the app in the App Store or Google Play if you are on your phone. 
   • If using a computer or tablet, scan the QR code displayed to download the app. 
   • Ensure you’re not using private browsing or incognito mode in your web browser.
4. Link the GOV.UK ID Check app to GOV.UK service you need:
   You will need to link the two together to help determine whether you are the same person who signed in to a government service with One Login in step 1. 
   ‍
   • Tap ‘Continue’ when you open the app and accept any sign in prompts.
   • On the ‘Link this app to GOV.UK’ screen, tap the ‘Link app to continue' button.
5. Scan Your Photo ID:
   ‍
   • For a UK driving licence, place it on a dark, matte background to avoid glare. Place the entire licence inside the white frame, hold it steadily, and the app will take an automatic photo. 
   • Ensure your passport has a biometric chip. Take a photo of the passport, scan the chip, and scan your face using your phone.
   • For a BRP, take a photo of the BRP, scan the chip, and scan your face using your phone.‍
6. Face Scanning:
   Use your phone’s front-facing camera, align your face with the oval on the screen, look straight ahead, and keep still during the scan.

What are the benefits or changes expected with the introduction of One Login?

According to the government, One Log in will change how people access government services by providing a single, unified platform for all interactions. 

Here are three key advantages that make this streamlined system a game-changer for users and the government.

• Simplified Access: One Login streamlines the process of accessing government services by requiring just one account, one username and password, and one identity check. This eliminates the need for multiple accounts and reduces the hassle of remembering different sign in credentials.
• Cost and Time Efficiency: Consolidating the various sign in methods into a single platform will save over £700 million and significantly reduce the time and effort required for both users and government departments. Currently, there are around 191 different ways to set up accounts and 44 different sign-in methods, which are costly and inefficient.
• Wide Adoption and Ease of Use: By 2025, over 100 public services, covering most central government services, will use One Login. The One Login app, which allows users to quickly, easily, and securely verify their identity using their smartphone, has already been downloaded two million times and successfully used by over 1.5 million users.

When will HMRC begin migrating users to One Login?

HMRC began migrating users to One Login in Spring 2024. Initially, they focused on new users without a government service account and some existing customers. At the same time, they are onboarding government agencies and services, raising awareness about the new system and highlighting its benefits in streamlining processes for service providers.

How will the migration process be carried out for Gateway users?

HMRC still needs to detail the exact migration process. Only new taxpayers can access the service while existing users are asked to wait until later. Over the next few months, individuals, businesses, and agents will likely receive prompts to complete identity verification on One Login. The migration will be gradual, with increasing volumes over time, and is expected to be fully completed by the end of the 2024/2025 tax year, which is March 2025. Users may also proactively request to use the service during this period.

Contact details for Government Gateway  

For business or personal tax account queries, please contact HMRC at 0300 200 3600. If you are calling from outside the UK, use +44 161 930 8445. Their phone lines are open Monday through Friday from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. and are closed on weekends and bank holidays.

Whether you live in the UK or are a foreigner seeking to do business in the UK without living here, there are various ways to set up a company and make yourself official. Fortunately, you can form a new company in less than one working day. Determine your goals and the appropriate company structure to get started. 

How to Register a Company in the UK (Company Structure and Formation Guide)

There are three basic formats a UK company registration can take – 

Register Your Company Today!

All of them are suitable for different business types, so choosing the right one is the first step towards registering a company.

Register as a Sole Trader

Also known as a sole proprietorship, it is a type of business with one owner. You can trade under your name or use a business name as a sole trader. It is the simplest business structure in the UK and may suit freelancers or other solo entrepreneurs. 

You can register as a sole trader if you’ve earned more than £1,000 from self-employment in the last tax year - (6 April of the last year to 5 April of the current year). Register by 5 October of your second tax year of business.  

To register as a sole trader, enroll for self-assessment and class 2 national insurance through their business tax account if your profits exceed the £6,725 threshold. You’ll need a government gateway ID and password to access the account. 

However, registering for self-assessment is different from registering a sole proprietorship. It allows you to report your income, including self-employment income, to HMRC. 

Set Up a Limited Company In the UK 

In most cases, registering a company requires at least one director and shareholder for the business to become a separate legal entity with distinct rights. You can be a sole company director and shareholder of your own business. You can also add more directors and shareholders in the future if you decide to expand your company.

Compared to other company incorporation UK formats, a limited liability company has more compliance requirements, which come with added benefits, including protecting your personal finances in case the business encounters financial difficulties or fails. If you want to take the hard work out of officially forming your business, consider using our company set-up service and save yourself the extra effort. It is a simple two-step method where you order online, and we contact you for the necessary information to swiftly and securely register your company with Companies House.

Types of UK LTD companies you can form include — 

Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs)

A limited liability partnership has at least two members (people or a company known as a corporate member) coming together to own and run the business jointly. Even though all the members have equal rights over the business, the law requires that at least two of them be designated as responsible for ensuring compliance with statutory requirements.

The partners must register for self-assessment since the LLP does not pay corporation tax, but each member is taxed on their share of profits as a self-employed individual. However, the members are not liable for debts if the business fails to pay. 

To register, you’ll need an acceptable business name, a registered address in which your principal place of business will be publicly available, two designated members, and an agreement that outlines how the LLP will be run. Once you have the requirements, you can register your LLP with Company House. Leverage Your Virtual Office London LLP registration service for a swift and affordable process.

Set Up a Private Limited Company (Limited By Shares of Guarantee) 

A company must either be limited by guarantee (CLG) or shares (LTD). An ltd is a profit-making business owned by shareholders with certain rights. The corporation is divided into shares, each assigned a nominal value, which reflects the initial face value of the shares, which may or may not align with the actual market value.  

CLG, on the other hand, is for a non-profit, such as a social enterprise, charity, association, or club, owned by members who act as guarantors of the company's liabilities, and each member undertakes to contribute an amount specified in the articles in the event of insolvency or the winding up of the entity. It does not have shares or shareholders.

To set up an LTD company online, you’ll need to choose a name according to Companies House rules. Next, you will need to appoint the company officers, which typically include directors, with the option of appointing a company secretary. You will also be required to give the names of the shareholders, who may also be company directors. Articles and memorandum of association are essential because they document how you intend to run the entity. Lastly, Companies House requires that you register an official address and choose a SIC code that identifies what your company does. 

Setting up a UK CLG requires that you submit the following company documents —

• Check that your preferred company name is available;
• Have at least one guarantor (individual or corporate body) and director;
• A constitution that contains elements of articles and memorandum of association;
• A registered office address in the UK that will be publicly available;
• Names of the persons with significant control;
• Statement of compliance that -
  • Outlines the nominal amount (often a small sum, such as £1) that each subscriber will pay as their guarantee;
  • The statement of guarantee that details the circumstances under which a guarantor will be required to pay their guarantee and
  • A SIC code.

How to Choose Your Company Name

Once you decide to register a new business, use the checklist below to get the name right — 

• Confirm that the name is not too similar or identical to an existing company name.
• Your preferred company name should not suggest any connection to the UK government. Avoid using words such as  “Royal,” “Her Majesty,” or “Crown.”
• The name should not be offensive or inappropriate in any way.
• It should not suggest criminal activity or any undertaking contrary to the interest of the public. 
• Unless you have relevant permission, avoid using words like “Chartered” or “Architects” that are likely to mislead the public as to the nature of your business or credentials. 

Read also: Top 21 Best Small Business Apps to Manage Your Daily Operations

Register Your Company Today!

Contact Your Virtual Office London, UK's top rated company formation agent, if you need to register a new company. We offer a comprehensive set of company formation packages, which include everything you need to get your company up and running.

Other extras included in the package above are — 

• Fast Online Formation
• UTR Number
• Digital Certificate of Incorporation
• Digital Articles of Association
• Digital Share Certificates
• £25 Cashback with Wix
• Bank Referral
• Free .co.uk Domain
• Free Accountant Introduction
• Fully Compliant with AML and KYC Regulations

See also: Your HMRC UTR Number Explained

FAQs

How much money is required to register a UK company with Companies House?

Register a UK company and start your journey right with a bundled package of just £39.99, which includes a UK registered office address, a free .co.uk domain, and an accountant introduction. We provide exceptional value for those keen on commencing their business without additional office space expenses and initial staffing requirements. 

See also: Directors Service Address Vs. Registered Office Address Service

Can anyone register a new company in the UK?

Registering a new company for UK and non-UK residents takes up to 6 hours to form a company. All you need to do is determine the type of company you want to establish, think through an appropriate business name and contact us. We will help you put together all the necessary documents you need to set up an LTD. 

How to register a holding company in the UK?

In the UK, the term ‘holding company’ is used to describe a company that holds the shares of other companies. A common way to register a holding company is to incorporate it as an LTD through the following steps:

1. Think through a unique name for you and register it with Companies House. Until 2015, using the word “holding” or “holdings” in a company name was considered sensitive by Companies House, but it is now acceptable.
2. Register an official business address and select an appropriate SIC code. 
3. Appoint directors and a company secretary. You must appoint a director, but you do not have to appoint a company secretary.
4. Identify people with significant control (PSC) over your company—for example, anyone with voting rights or more than 25% of the shares.
5. Prepare a memorandum and articles of association describing the company will run. 
6. Form your company. 

After you’ve set up the holding company, transfer the ownership of your subsidiaries' shares and assets to it.

Can I own a business in the UK as a foreigner or non-UK resident living outside of the UK?

Yes, foreigners and non-residents can open a company in the United Kingdom without needing a VISA. There are no restrictions based on nationality. However, you’ll need to comply with the following legal and administrative requirements before you are cleared to start. 

• Choose a proper business structure that best fits your business goals;
• Register your business with Companies House to a UK address; and
• Get the necessary permits or licenses.

Once your business is registered, please note the following — 

• The corporation registered to a non-resident is liable for UK tax obligations.
• A UK resident director is not a mandatory requirement, but it is recommended for operational convenience.
• While not legally required, having a UK bank account is advisable to enhance business credibility.
• You can use a family or friend's address as your registered office or opt for a central London virtual address for added privacy.

Do I need a business bank account during the company registration process?

No. You do not need to open a business bank account, but you’ll likely find it impossible to operate without one. We understand that most British high-street banks can make it difficult for the new entrepreneur to open an account with company credit checks and multiple other requirements that new businesses cannot fulfil.

However, we’ve carefully selected partners with products suitable for our clients. As you set up your new business with us, we will recommend a few banks to consider. Whether you choose a Barclays Business Account or a Card One Business Account from our curated list, we ensure a seamless process to meet your financial needs.

What are the pros and cons of working with a simple company formation agent?

A company incorporation agent helps new businesses with online company formation and registration services. But with Your Virtual Office London, we go the extra mile and ensure your process is simple, seamless, and affordable. If you choose to form your company limited by share or guarantee with us, take the time to understand your goals, risk tolerance and incentives. With this understanding, Your Virtual Office London will advise you on the most suitable company structure and expedite your process by working with you to submit a company application without error.

There are no downsides to working with us!

What company documents do I need during simple company registration?

To register your company, you’ll need to submit the following documents — 

What documents do I receive after new business registration? 

Once your new limited company is registered, you’ll receive the following documents — 

• Certificate of incorporation, which includes your company number;
• Official memorandum and articles association; and
• Share certificates.

How to Change a Company Address (Online and With Form AD01)

You are responsible for keeping your company information as held by Companies House up to date. But before you proceed to change, ensure that the new address remains within the same part of the UK where your company is registered – England and Wales, Scotland, or Northern Ireland. 

Change your company address online using your WebFiling credentials (email address and password). 

Watch the video below for more information.

A video guide on how to change your director or company address registered with Companies House

You can also change your details by post using form AD01

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You’ll need the following details to fill out the form – 

• Company name
• Company registration number
• Details of the new address
• Presenter information (details of the person filling out the form)

To avoid penalties, you must update your company information held at Companies House within 14 days of the change. 

Once your change of address becomes effective, Companies House will inform HMRC. 

FAQ 

What is a registered office address? 

Companies House, HMRC, and other government agencies use a registered office address to send official mail. You can use your home or business address, but note that Companies House will no longer accept a P.O. Box.

Also known as a service address, the registered office address is the official address of your Company. As far as mail is concerned, it is the point of contact between your private limited company and the government. 

Before you register your company, be sure to have it in place. 

Can I use my residential address as my company’s registered office address?

Yes. You can use your home address as your registered office address. However, since the address will be publicly available on the Companies House register, you may get unwanted mail and visitors, exposing you to privacy and security challenges. 

Instead, consider working with a virtual office address service like ours and acquire a prestigious central London address that elevates your brand image. 

What is the difference between a trading address and a registered office address?

A trading address is where you are carrying out your business activities. If you have a professional business premise, you can register your trading address as the registered office address. However, you may have to deal with uninvited visitors since this information will be available on the Companies House public register. 

Furthermore, with your landlord's permission, you can provide your home address as your registered address. Yet, this option exposes you to privacy violations and junk mail. 

Do I or a company representative need to be available at the trading address to receive correspondence? 

You do not need to trade from your registered office service location or have any company representative present. However, you need someone at the address to receive, sign, and confirm receipt of the government mail sent to the business. Such an individual can be anybody, including the staff at a virtual office. 

It ensures that official documents, notices, or communications are properly handled and acknowledged by someone at the specified address. By fulfilling this requirement, you demonstrate that you have a reliable point of contact for regulatory or governmental entities, even if the business or company representative is not physically present at the trading address.

What are the key features of your registered address service?

As far as virtual office services are concerned, we are the best. 

A registered office address is a legal requirement during company formation. Further, with the enactment of the Economic Crime and Corporate Transparency Act already established, companies have until March 2024 to switch to a physical address from a P.O. Box. 

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